Lipopolysaccharide injection induces relapses of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in nontransgenic mice via bystander activation of autoreactive CD4+ cells.

Bystander Activation of Autoreactive CD4 Encephalomyelitis in Nontransgenic Mice via Relapses of Experimental Autoimmune Lipopolysaccharide Injection Induces

Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in IL-4-deficient mice.

Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in an inflammatory demyelinating disease which usually follows a monophasic course. Autoreactive Th1 CD4+ T cells are responsible for the lesions, whereas autoreactive Th2 CD4+ T cells can, upon adoptive transfer, suppress the disease process. However, the role of IL-4 and Th2 cells in the spontaneous remission of EAE and in the prevention of rela...

Increase in CD4+Foxp3+ Regulatory T cells and Amelioration of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis in Mice Treated with IL-27

Background and purpose: In multiple sclerosis (MS) and its murine model, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), chronic inflammation damages the myelin of central nervous system. Recently, interleukin-27 (IL-27) has been recognized as a feasible choice for treatment of autoimmune diseases such as MS due to its anti-inflammatory properties. However, the underlying mechanisms have not y...

Pertussis toxin reduces the number of splenic Foxp3+ regulatory T cells.

Pertussis toxin (PTx) is a bacterial toxin used to enhance the severity of experimental autoimmune diseases such as experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. It is known to promote permeabilization of the blood-brain barrier, maturation of APC, activation of autoreactive lymphocytes and alteration of lymphocyte migration. In this study, we show that i.v. injection of PTx in mice induces a decr...

Analysis of autoreactive CD4 T cells in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis after primary and secondary challenge using MHC class II tetramers.

Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal model of multiple sclerosis, is primarily mediated by CD4 T cells specific for Ags in the CNS. Using MHC class II tetramers, we assessed expansion and phenotypic differentiation of polyclonal self-reactive CD4 T cells during EAE after primary and secondary challenge with the specific Ag. After EAE induction in SJL mice with proteolipid ...